Mastering the Legendary SM58: The Essential Guide to Using and Maintaining the Industry Standard

The Shure SM58 is an iconic dynamic microphone that has become synonymous with live sound reinforcement. Its rugged construction, versatile performance, and exceptional value have made it a staple in the arsenals of musicians, engineers, and sound enthusiasts alike. In this comprehensive guide, we will delve into the history, specifications, techniques, and troubleshooting tips for the SM58, empowering you to harness its full potential and achieve superior sound quality in your productions.

History and Evolution of the SM58

The SM58 was first introduced in 1966 as a rugged and reliable microphone for use in live performances. Over the decades, it has undergone several refinements and improvements, but its core design remains unchanged. The SM58 has witnessed countless legendary performances, from Woodstock to Live Aid, and continues to be the go-to choice for countless artists and sound engineers worldwide.

Technical Specifications

The SM58 boasts the following technical specifications:

Understanding the Cardioid Polar Pattern

The SM58's cardioid polar pattern means it is most sensitive to sound coming directly from the front, while rejecting most sound from the sides and rear. This directivity provides excellent isolation from unwanted noise and feedback, making it ideal for use in loud environments.

Microphone Positioning for Optimal Sound

The optimal microphone placement for the SM58 varies depending on the application. Here are some general guidelines:

• Vocals: Position the microphone 2-4 inches from the singer's mouth, pointing slightly towards the corner of the mouth.
• Instruments: Place the microphone 1-3 feet away from the source, angled off-axis to reduce proximity effect.
• Ambience: Position the microphone at a distance that captures the desired level of ambient sound.

Equalization and Processing Techniques

The SM58's natural response is well-suited for a wide range of sources. However, EQ and processing can enhance its performance in specific applications.

• High-Pass Filter: Use a high-pass filter to reduce low-frequency rumble and improve clarity.
• EQ Boost: Boost frequencies around 2-4 kHz to enhance presence and vocals.
• Dynamic Compression: Apply light compression to control dynamics and level out the signal.

Troubleshooting Common Issues

• Feedback: Ensure that the microphone is not pointing directly at a monitor or speaker. Adjust the microphone placement or use a feedback suppressor.
• Proximity Effect: Move the microphone further away from the source to reduce low-frequency buildup.
• Popping: Use a pop filter to prevent plosive sounds from overloading the microphone.

Effective Strategies for Mastering the SM58

• Practice Positioning: Experiment with different microphone placements to find the optimal position for your application.
• Understand Polarity: Ensure that the microphone is connected correctly with the correct polarity to avoid phase cancellation.
• Maintain Regularly: Clean the microphone regularly to remove dust and debris. Store it in a protective case when not in use.

Tips and Tricks to Elevate Your Sound

• Use a Windscreen: Add a windscreen to the microphone to reduce wind noise and plosives.
• Experiment with Distance: Vary the distance between the microphone and the source to change the tonal balance.
• Monitor the EQ: Use an EQ analyzer to monitor the frequency response of the microphone and adjust accordingly.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

• Ignoring Feedback: Do not ignore feedback. Address it by adjusting microphone placement or using a feedback suppressor.
• Over-EQing: Avoid excessive EQ to prevent unnatural or harsh sound quality.
• Neglecting Maintenance: Proper maintenance is essential for maintaining optimal performance. Clean and store the microphone regularly.

Stories and Lessons Learned

1. The Woodstock Legend

At the iconic Woodstock festival, the SM58 played a pivotal role in capturing the raw energy and authenticity of the performances. Its rugged construction and ability to withstand extreme conditions ensured that the music reached the audience with exceptional clarity and detail.

Lesson: The SM58 is a trusted tool that can endure even the most demanding environments.

2. The Rolling Stones' Secret

The Rolling Stones have used the SM58 for decades, relying on its consistent performance and ability to handle the band's powerful stage presence. The band's sound engineers have discovered that using a parabolic reflector behind the microphone enhances its directivity and reduces feedback.

Lesson: Experimentation and innovation can further improve the performance of the SM58.

3. The Live Aid Disaster

During the Live Aid concert, a technical issue with one of the SM58s used by Queen resulted in a drop in signal. However, sound engineers were able to quickly troubleshoot the problem and restore the microphone to full functionality, ensuring that the band's performance was not compromised.

Lesson: Even with the most reliable equipment, unexpected issues can arise. It is essential to have a backup plan and be prepared for troubleshooting.

Conclusion

The Shure SM58 is a legendary microphone that has earned its reputation as the industry standard. Its rugged design, versatile performance, and affordability have made it an indispensable tool for countless musicians, engineers, and sound enthusiasts. By understanding its specifications, mastering microphone positioning and processing techniques, and adhering to best practices, you can harness the full potential of the SM58 and achieve exceptional sound quality in your live performances and recordings. Remember, the SM58 is not merely a microphone; it is a testament to the power of enduring quality and the pursuit of sonic excellence.